How do endoribonucleases (ERNs) work to decrease protein levels? Name 2 differences between how ERNs work and how proteases work.

How does lipofectamine 3000 work? How does DNA get into human cells and how is it expressed?

Explain what poly-transfection is and why it’s useful when building neuromorphic circuits.

Genetic Toggle Switches:

• Provide a detailed explanation of the mechanism behind genetic toggle switches, including how bi-stability is established and maintained.
• Describe at least one induction method used to switch states, including molecular signals or environmental factors involved.
• Are there any limitations? How many ‘switches’ can we potentially chain? Is there a metabolic cost?

Natural Genetic Circuit Example:

• Identify and describe in detail a naturally occurring genetic circuit, emphasizing its biological function, components, and regulatory interactions.

Synthetic Genetic Circuit:

• Select and critically analyze a synthetic genetic circuit previously engineered by researchers (e.g., pDAWN). Provide details about its construction, components, intended function, and performance.
• Discuss potential limitations or improvements suggested in subsequent literature or experimental data.